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In the late 1940s, the United States began to study CNC machine tools. In 1952, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Servo Mechanism Laboratory successfully developed the first CNC milling machine and put it into use in 1957. The first CNC machining center was successfully developed by Carney-Treke Company of the United States in 1958. It adds an automatic tool changer on the basis of the CNC horizontal boring and milling machine, which realizes the centralized processing of multiple processes such as milling, drilling, boring, reaming, and tapping after the workpiece is clamped once. This is a major breakthrough in the development of manufacturing technology, marking the beginning of the era of CNC lathe processing in the manufacturing field. CNC lathe processing is the foundation of modern manufacturing technology. This invention has epoch-making significance and far-reaching influence for the manufacturing industry. The world’s major industrialized countries attach great importance to the research and development of CNC lathe processing technology.
CNC machining refers to the process of machining parts on CNC machine tools. A CNC machine tool is a machine tool controlled by a computer. The computer used to control the machine tool, whether it is a special computer or a general-purpose computer, is collectively called a CNC system.
The movement and auxiliary actions of the CNC machine tool are controlled by the instructions issued by the CNC system, and the instructions of the CNC system are the instruction format (CNC language or symbol) specified by the programmer according to the material of the workpiece, the processing requirements, the characteristics of the machine tool, and the system. Compiled. The numerical control system sends out operation termination or information to the servo device and other functional components according to the program instructions to control various movements of the machine tool. When the part processing program ends, the machine tool will automatically stop. For any kind of CNC machine tool, if there is no program command input in its CNC system, the CNC machine tool cannot work. The controlled action of the bed roughly includes the start and stop of the machine tool; the start and stop of the spindle, the conversion of the rotation direction and the speed; the direction, speed and mode of the feed movement; the selection of the tool, the compensation of the length and the radius; the replacement of the tool, and cooling The opening and closing of the liquid.
The process regulations of CNC machining are the same on the whole, but significant changes have also taken place. A machining method that uses digital information to control the displacement of parts and tools.
CNC machining is an effective way to solve the problems of variable parts, small batches, complex shapes, and high precision, and to achieve high-efficiency and automated processing. The machining center was originally developed from CNC numerical control milling machine processing.
